{"id":2677,"date":"2012-05-03T10:50:23","date_gmt":"2012-05-03T10:50:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/?p=2677"},"modified":"2012-05-03T10:50:23","modified_gmt":"2012-05-03T10:50:23","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e5%8d%81%e4%b8%80%e7%af%80-%e6%ad%b7%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e6%81%af%e6%97%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/?p=2677","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u7bc0 \u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u65e5"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u662f\u4f55\u6642\u4e26\u600e\u6a23\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u5230\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9020\u7269\u7684\u5de5\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u7562\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u6b47\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u5de5\uff0c\u5b89\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8cdc\u798f\u7d66\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u5b9a\u70ba\u8056\u65e5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5728\u9019\u65e5\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6b47\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u5275\u9020\u7684\u5de5\uff0c\u5c31\u5b89\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u52752:2-3<\/p>\n

2.\u7531\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u6240\u5206\u5272\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6709\u591a\u9577\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u201c\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6642\u9593\u55ae\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6240\u8b02\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u9ece\u660e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5148\u884c\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u201d\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u300b1926\u5e746\u67086\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u7136\u5354\u67031926\u5e748\u670817\u65e5\u5728\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u95dc\u65bc\u66f4\u6539\u65e5\u66c6\u7684\u5831\u544a\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u6578\u540d\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u5bb6\u7684\u8b49\u8a5e:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468\u5df2\u6cbf\u7528\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5df2\u88ab\u7121\u53ef\u8ffd\u61b6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u671f\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5b89\u5f97\u723e \u591a\u52d2\uff0c\u5927\u5b78\u5929\u6587\u5b78\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u539f\u66f8\u7b2c51\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6211\u7e3d\u662f\u4e0d\u6562\u5efa\u8b70\u6253\u7834\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u6027\u3002\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u53e4\u6642\u7559\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6700\u53e4\u4ee3\u800c\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5df4\u9ece\u5929\u6587\u81fa\u9577\u8c9d\u862d\u5fb7\uff08M. Edouard Bailland\uff09<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5c31\u6211\u5011\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468\u53ea\u6709\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u4eba\u7684\u5148\u7956\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u50b3\u7d66\u9583\u65cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f8c\u518d\u50b3\u958b\u3002\u5728\u8036\u7a4c\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5ee3\u70ba\u50b3\u958b\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u88e1\u66f4\u70ba\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u5468\u8a08\u6642\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5361\u7dad\uff08\u6d78\u79ae\u5b97)\u300a\u8ad6\u9075\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u300b\u7b2c40\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a31\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u70ba\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u6709\u591a\u666e\u904d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u5728\u8056\u7d93\u88e1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u96d6\u7136\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e03\u65e5\u4e00\u9031\u671f\uff0c\u4f46\u60df\u7368\u7d66\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u5b9a\u70ba\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u662f\u60df\u4e00\u6709\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u6709\u8fd1160\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u6307\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u661f\u671f\u516d\u3002\u8332\u8209\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u8a9e \u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5 \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u5e0c\u4f2f\u4f86\u6587 Shabbath \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u5e0c\u81d8\u6587 Sabbaton \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u62c9\u4e01\u6587 Sabbatum \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8a9e Assabt \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u6ce2\u65af\u8a9e Shambin \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u8a9e Subbota \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u6ce2\u862d\u8a9e Sobota \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u99ac\u4f86\u8a9e Ari-Sabtu \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u8a9e Samstag \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u6cd5\u8a9e Samedi \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u8a9e Sabbato \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8a9e Sabado \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u8461\u8404\u7259\u8a9e Sabbado \u5b89\u606f\u65e5<\/p>\n

4.\u4e0a\u5e1d\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5c07\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u8056\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u56e0\u70ba\u516d\u65e5\u4e4b\u5167\uff0c\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u9020\u5929\u3001\u5730\u3001\u6d77\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u842c\u7269\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u4fbf\u5b89\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u8cdc\u798f\u8207\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\uff0c\u5b9a\u70ba\u8056\u65e5\u3002\u201d\u51fa20:11<\/p>\n

5.\u4e0a\u5e1d\u85c9\u8457\u8036\u5229\u7c73\u5148\u77e5\u66c9\u8aed\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6c11,\u82e5\u9075\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u6709\u4f55\u61c9\u8a31\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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6.\u4ed6\u5011\u82e5\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\u65e5\uff0c\u6703\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u5011\u82e5\u4e0d\u807d\u5f9e\u6211\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\u65e5\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u64d4\u64d4\u5b50\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u5404\u9580\uff0c\u6211\u5fc5\u5728\u5404\u9580\u4e2d\u9ede\u706b\uff0c\u9019\u706b\u4e5f\u5fc5\u71d2\u6bc0\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u5bae\u6bbf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7184\u6ec5\u3002\u201d\u803617:27<\/p>\n

7.\u9019\u6bb5\u9810\u8a00\u662f\u600e\u6a23\u5728\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u738b\u653b\u9677\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u6642\u61c9\u9a57\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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8.\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u5f9e\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u6b78\u56de\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c3c\u5e0c\u7c73\u662f\u600e\u6a23\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u53d7\u7f70\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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9.\u4ed6\u53c8\u600e\u6a23\u8ad6\u5230\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c07\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u8cdc\u7d66\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u4f60\u4e5f\u964d\u81e8\u5728\u897f\u4e43\u5c71\uff0c\u5f9e\u5929\u4e0a\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u8cdc\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u5178\u7ae0\uff0c\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u689d\u4f8b\u8207\u8aa1\u547d\u3002\u53c8\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u8056\u65e5\uff0c\u4e26\u501f\u4f60\u50d5\u4eba\u6469\u897f\u50b3\u7d66\u4ed6\u5011\u8aa1\u547d\uff0c\u689d\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u3002\u201d\u5c3c9:13\uff0d14<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\u9019\u88e1\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5728\u9019\u6642\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8aaa\u662f\u90a3\u6642\u8b93\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u57c3\u53ca\u70ba\u5974\u6642\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5fd8\u4e86\u9019\u56de\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

10.\u57fa\u7763\u5728\u4e16\u6642\u5c0d\u5f85\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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11.\u57fa\u7763\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8a71\u627f\u8a8d\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u4e4b\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6ce8:\u201c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u6587\u4e2d\u70ba\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u201d\u3002\u65e2\u8aaa\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u4e00\u8207\u4e4b\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u57fa\u7763\u76f4\u5230\u53d7\u6b7b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f92\u5011\u5728\u4ed6\u5347\u5929\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u5167\u90fd\u5728\u9075\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u9019\u500b\u660e\u8b49\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e3b\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u4ed6\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u6642\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u4e3b\u65e5(\u661f\u671f\u65e5)\u4f86\u53d6\u4ee3\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u201d\u6587\u68ee\u7279 \u514b\u5229\uff08Vincent Kelly\uff0c1913\uff0d\uff09\u300a\u95dc\u65bc\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7bc0\u65e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u300b\uff081943\u5e74\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c19\uff0d20\u9762\u3002 \u5a01\u5ec9 \u666e\u745e\u52d2(William Prynne)\u8aaa:\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5728\u76f8\u7576\u9577\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5167\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5805\u6301\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u4e4b\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u300a\u8ad6\u4e3b\u65e5\u8207\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u300b\u7b2c33\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5f9e\u672a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6b63\u5f0f\u6216\u6b0a\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5c07\u7336\u592a\u6559\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u4e4b\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u632a\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7b2c\u4e00\u65e5\u7684\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6c92\u6709\u7559\u4e0b\u4efb\u4f55\u8b49\u64da\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c07\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6216\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u5ef6\u7e8c\u3002\u7336\u592a\u7c4d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u9996\u5148\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ecd\u8c61\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u610f\u8b58\u7684\u52a0\u5f37\uff0c\u4e26\u6eb6\u5165\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u5b97\u6559\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u8a08\u756b\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4fbf\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5f9e\u8166\u4e2d\u5fd8\u8a18\u4e86\u7336\u592a\u5316\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5728\u65b0\u7d04\u8056\u7d93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u898f\u5b9a\u3001\u898f\u5247\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u9075\u5b88\u4e3b\u65e5(\u661f\u671f\u65e5)\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5361\u7dad\uff08W.O.Carver)\u300a\u8ad6\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u300b\u7b2c54\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

12.\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703\u5728\u8a8d\u5b9a\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u7684\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u8209\u63aa\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5927\u7d04\u5728\u897f\u5143196\u5e74\uff0c\u7f85\u99ac\u4e3b\u6559\u7dad\u514b\u591a\u60f3\u5c07\u9075\u5b88\u903e\u8d8a\u7bc0\uff0c\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u7684\u7f85\u99ac\u7fd2\u6163\u5f37\u52a0\u65bc\u5404\u6559\u6703\u88e1\uff0c\u60f3\u958b\u9664\u5c0f\u4e9e\u7d30\u4e9e\u6559\u6703\u7684\u6559\u7c4d\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6bcf\u5e74\u624d\u5b88\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e00\u9031\u4e00\u65e5\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u9b91\u7dad\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u6559\u7687\u53f2\u8a71\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a31\u9019\u4e00\u884c\u5f91\u70ba\u201c\u6559\u7687\u7be1\u6b0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

13.\u897f\u5143325\u5e74\u53ec\u958b\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u6240\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u554f\u984c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u95dc\u65bc\u904e\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u8a72\u554f\u984c\u59cb\u65bcAnicetus \u8207Polycarp\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7dad\u514b\u591a\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4ecd\u61f8\u800c\u672a\u6c7a\u3002\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u5c3c\u6c99\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u5728\u4e9e\u5229\u5b89\uff08Arian\uff09\u4e4b\u722d\u4e4b\u5f8c\u8981\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u4ee5\u6492 \u6ce2\u7fa9\u723e\u8457\u300a\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u89c0\u300b\uff081836\u5e74\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c23\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u6703\u8b70\u898f\u5b9a\u6bcf\u5e74\u904e\u6625\u5206\u6708\u5713\u5f8c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u661f\u671f\u65e5\uff08\u65bc3\u670821\u65e5\u81f34\u670825\u65e5\u4e4b\u9593\uff09\u70ba\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u3002<\/p>\n

14.\u70ba\u4e86\u843d\u5be6\u9019\u4e00\u6703\u8b70\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5021\u8b70\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u8981\u8207\u8a0e\u53ad\u7684\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5427\u3002\u201d\u512a\u58eb\u6bd4\u65af\u8457\u300a\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u518a\uff0c\u7b2c8\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

15.\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u7684321\u5e74\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5df2\u7d93\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u884c\u52d5\u4f7f\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u6210\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5df2\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5e74\u767c\u4f48\u6587\u544a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5e02\u6c11\u5728\u201c\u53ef\u656c\u7684\u592a\u967d\u65e5\u9592\u5c45\u5e02\u5167\u201d\u7f77\u5de5\u6b47\u696d\u3002<\/p>\n

16.\u512a\u58eb\u6bd4\u65af\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u7684\u5fe0\u5be6\u64c1\u8b77\u8005\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u8ab0\u5c07\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u661f\u671f\u65e5\uff08\u592a\u967d\u65e5\uff09\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u7121\u8ad6\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7576\u76e1\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u6211\u5011[\u7f85\u99ac\u6559\u6703]\u5df2\u5c07\u5176\u5168\u90e8\u8f49\u5230\u4e86\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u88e1\u201d\u3002\uff0d\uff0d\u512a\u58eb\u6bd4\u65af\u8457\u300a\u8a69\u7bc7\u6ce8\u91cb\u300b\uff0c\u9078\u81eaPatrologia Graeca, \u537723\uff0c\u7b2c1171\uff0c1172\u6b3e\u3002<\/p>\n

17.\u897f\u5143314\uff0d337\u5e74\u7f85\u99ac\u4e3b\u6559\u65af\u723e\u7dad\u601d\u7279\uff08Sylvester\uff09\u5229\u7528\u6240\u8b02\u201c\u4f7f\u5f92\u6b0a\u67c4\u201d\u70ba\u8a2d\u7acb\u5b89\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5f0f\u5c07\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u7a31\u70ba\u201c\u4e3b\u65e5\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

18.\u8001\u5e95\u5609\u6703\u8b70\u6c7a\u8b70\u4e2d\u6709\u4f55\u5167\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7b2c29\u689d\u898f\u5b9a:\u201c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e0d\u53ef\u7336\u592a\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u661f\u671f\u516d\u61c8\u60f0\u7121\u70ba\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5929\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\u4f46\u5728\u4e3b\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u61c9\u7279\u5225\u5730\u5c0a\u91cd\u9019\u65e5\u3002\u201d\u54c8\u592b\u52d2\u8457\u300a\u6559\u6703\u6703\u8b70\u53f2\u300b\uff081896\u5e74\u82f1\u6587\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u5377\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b2c316\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u7576\u6469\u897f\u5411\u6cd5\u8001\u8aaa:\u201c\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9019\u6a23\u8aaa:\u2018\u5bb9\u6211\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u53bb\uff0c\u5728\u66e0\u91ce\u5411\u6211\u5b88\u7bc0\u3002\u2019\u201d\u6cd5\u8001\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u8a31\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9084\u8aaa:\u201c\u4f60\u5011\u662f\u61f6\u60f0\u7684\uff01\u4f60\u5011\u662f\u61f6\u60f0\u7684\uff01\u6240\u4ee5\u8aaa\uff0c\u2018\u5bb9\u6211\u5011\u53bb\u796d\u7940\u8036\u548c\u83ef\u3002\u2019\u201d\u51fa5:1\uff0c17\u3002\u8001\u5e95\u5609\u6703\u8b70\u6c7a\u8b70\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u662f\u8207\u6cd5\u8001\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n

19.\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u9084\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u516c\u958b\u5730\u5728\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u8207\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u897f\u5143\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u201c\u76f4\u5230\u897f\u5143\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u9084\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6703\u7e7c\u7e8c\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u840a\u66fc \u8377\u723e\u66fc\u8457\u300a\u53e4\u4ee3\u6559\u6703\u8209\u8981\u300b\u7b2c26\u7ae0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a31\u591a\u5b88\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u8207\u795e\u5b78\u5bb6\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5c0d\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u88ab\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u3002\u5982:\u5609\u65af\u5ead \u746a\u7279\uff08St. Justin Martyr, 100?-165?\uff1b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u7236\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u8457\u300a\u8207\u6cf0\u592b\u6b50\u5c0d\u8a71\u9304\u300b\uff08Dialogue With Trypho\uff09\u7b2c47\u7ae0\uff1b\u5fb7\u723e\u5716\u826f\uff08Tertullian\uff0c\u7d04160\uff0d225\uff1b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u7236\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u8457\u300a\u8ad6\u79b1\u544a\u300b\u7b2c23\u7ae0\uff1b\u5967\u5229\u91d1\uff08Origenes,xq 185-254,\u6559\u7236\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\u300a\u6c11\u6578\u8a18\u89e3\u8aaa\u300b\uff08Homily on Numbers\uff09\u7b2c23\u7ae0\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7121\u540d\u6c0f\u8457\u300a\u8056\u4f7f\u5f92\u4e4b\u5efa\u5236\u300b\uff08Constitions of the Holy Apostles\uff09\u7b2c\u4e8c\u518a\u7b2c7 \u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c59\u7ae0\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e03\u518a\uff0c\u7b2c3\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c36\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

20.\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u9019\u4e00\u7fd2\u6163\u6709\u591a\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\u8607\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\uff08Scholasticus Socrates\uff0c\u7d04\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\uff1b\u541b\u58eb\u5766\u4e01\u5821\u4e3b\u6559\uff09\u5beb\u9053:\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u6559\u6703\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u5728\u6bcf\u9031\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u8209\u884c\u795e\u8056\u7684\u5967\u79d8\uff08\u8056\u9910\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e9e\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u548c\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u4e00\u4e9b\u53e4\u6642\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u518d\u9019\u6a23\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u300a\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u300b\u7b2c5 \u518a\uff0c\u7b2c22\u7ae0\u300a\u5c3c\u897f\u862d\u8207\u5c3c\u897f\u862d\u6703\u8b70\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6559\u7236\u8457\u4f5c\u9078\u300b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f2f\uff0c\u5377\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b2c32\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

21.\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u5230\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u9084\u5728\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5230\u6559\u7687\u683c\u5217\u9ad8\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\uff08590\uff0d604\uff09\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u683c\u5217\u9ad8\u5229\u8b74\u8cac\u201c\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u201c\u7684\u4eba\u70ba\u201c\u6575\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u50b3\u6559\u58eb\u201d\u3002\uff08\u898b\u4ed6\u81f4\u7f85\u99ac\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u66f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u7b2c13\u518a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u865f\uff0c\u9078 \u81ea\u300a\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u8207\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9e\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u6559\u7236\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f2f\uff0c\u5377\u5341\u4e09\uff081898\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c92\u9762\uff09\u6559\u7687\u7684\u9019\u4e00\u6307\u63a7\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u5ba3\u50b3\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u4f55\u5de5\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

22.\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u662f\u5426\u7559\u50b3\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u5728\u5404\u500b\u6642\u4ee3\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u6563\u898b\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8:\u201c\u5b88\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u70ba\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u8e64\u8de1\u53ef\u898b\u4e8e\u683c\u5217\u9ad8\u5229\u4e00\u4e16\uff0c\u4e94\u4e16\u548c\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\u502b\u5df4\u7b2c\uff08\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\uff09\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0dM\u2019Clintock and Strong \u8457\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u3001\u795e\u5b78\u8207\u6559\u6703\u6587\u737b\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8\u300b\uff08Cyclopaedia of Biblical , Thological, and Ecclesiastical Literature\uff09<\/p>\n

\u6771\u6b63\u6559\u591a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u8207\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u5169\u5929\u8209\u884c\u805a\u6703\uff0c\u62d2\u7d55\u7167\u7f85\u99ac\u898f\u5b9a\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7981\u98df\u8209\u5f35\u3002\u4f8b\u5982:<\/p>\n

\u6558\u5229\u4e9e:\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\uff0c\u537b\u4e0d\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7981\u98df\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u7981\u98df\u5b89\u6392\u5728\u5fa9\u6d3b\u7bc0\u524d\u5915\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u661f\u671f\u516d\u4e5f\u6709\u56b4\u8085\u6703\uff0c\u5403\u8089\uff0c\u4e26\u5411\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u5929\u904e\u5927\u7bc0\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u6492\u6bcd\u723e \u67cf\u7f8c\u4e9e\u65af(Samuel Purchas\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u67cf\u7f8c\u4e9e\u65af\u7684\u671d\u8056\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b\uff08\u502b\u6566\uff0c1625\u5e74\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7b2c8\u518a\uff0c\u7b2c6\u7ae0\uff0c\u7b2c1269\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\uff081534\uff09:\u201c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5b88\u9019\u4e00\u65e5\uff08\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6a21\u4eff\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9075\u4e3b\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u7763\u8207\u4f7f\u5f92\u7684\u699c\u6a23\u800c\u884c\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u9081\u514b \u683c\u5fb7\u65af \uff08Michael Geddes\uff09 \u300a\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\uff08\u502b\u6566\uff0c1696\u5e74\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c87\uff0d88\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8607\u683c\u862d\u51f1\u723e\u7279\u6559\u6703:\u201c\u51f1\u723e\u7279\u4eba\u6240\u7528\u7684\u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u7684\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u627f\u8a8d\u7684\u60df\u4e00\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u7248\u672c\uff08Vulgate\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5b88\u661f\u671f\u516d\u70ba\u5b89\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u4e5f\u8209\u884c\u7279\u5225\u5d07\u62dc\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5f17\u5229\u514b\uff081869\uff0d1942\uff1b\u6b50\u6d32\u53f2\u6559\u6388\uff09\u8457\u300a\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u6559\u6703\u7684\u8208\u8d77\u300b\uff08\u666e\u7279\u66fc\uff0c1909\u5e74\u7248\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c237\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u5178\u897f\u4eba:\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u963f\u723e\u5351\u65af\u5730\u5340\u7684\u74e6\u5178\u897f\uff08Waldenese\uff09\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u5ee3\u6cdb\u8208\u8d77\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u70ba\u7368\u4e00\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u6c92\u6709\u8056\u7d93\u4f9d\u64da\u7684\u6559\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\u3002\u5728\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a18\u8f09:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\uff08\u6307\u74e6\u5178\u897f\u4eba\uff09\u4e0d\u807d\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff08\u6307\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff09\u7684\u5f4c\u6492\uff0c\u8eb2\u907f\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u5f62\u8c61\u5982\u8eb2\u907f\u9b54\u9b3c\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7d00\u5ff5\u795e\u8056\u7684\u8056\u5973\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u8207\u4f7f\u5f92\u7bc0\u65e5\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ea\u5728\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b89\u606f\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u78ba\u8207\u7336\u592a\u4eba\u4e00\u6a23\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u8b6f\u81ea\u7531\u591a\u6797\u5091\u535a\u58eb\uff08J.J.I.von Dollinger, 1799\uff0d1890\uff1b\u5fb7\u570b\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u6559\u6388\uff09\u7de8\u8f2f\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u737bBeitrage zur Sektengeschichte des Mittelalters, \u5377\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b2c61\u865f\uff0c\u7b2c662\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6:\u6258\u746a\u65af \u8036\u8328\uff08Thomas Yeats\uff09\u5728\u5176\u6240\u8457\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6703\u53f2\u300b\uff08\u502b\u6566\uff0c1818\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u6458\u5f15\u591a\u500b\u53f2\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u8aaa\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6703\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u59cb\u65bc\u8036\u7a4c\u57fa\u5f92\u6240\u63c0\u9078\u7684\u4f7f\u5f92\u591a\u746a\u3002\u4ed6\u7d93\u6ce2\u65af\u4f86\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u591a\u500b\u6559\u6703\u3002 \u5370\u5ea6\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u6703\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u64c1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5f9e\u201c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u201d\u5f97\u540d\u7684\u5b89\u63d0\u963f\uff08\u5f9211L26\uff09\u6559\u6703\u6240\u7528\u904e\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u7684\u300a\u8056\u7d93\u300b\u3002\u8036\u8328\u535a\u58eb\u8aaa:\u201c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u8207\u4e16\u9694\u7d55\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8056\u7d93\u627e\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u85cf\u8eab\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u514d\u906d\u7f85\u99ac\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u7684\u641c\u5c0b\u8207\u6bc0\u6ec5\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u4fdd\u6301\u8457\u53e4\u8001\u800c\u6e05\u7d14\u7684\u5370\u8a18\u3002\u201d\uff08\u540c\u66f8\u7b2c167\u9762\uff09\u3002\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u4e2d\u9593\u4e43\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u76db\u5927\u7684\u7bc0\u65e5\uff0c\u8207\u6559\u6703\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u76f8\u543b\u5408\u3002\u201d\u540c\u66f8\u7b2c133\uff0c134\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u514b\u52de\u5e95\u65af\u5e03\u79aa\u5b89\u5357\u4e3b\u6559\uff08Rev. Claudius Buchanan\uff09\u8aaa:\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u7d14\u6f54\uff1b\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c31\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u8056\u7d93\u7684\u771f\u9053\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u5168\u570b\u9084\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u5b88\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5d07\u62dc\u65e5\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u300a\u4e9e\u6d32\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u8cbb\u62c9\u5fb7\u8cbb\u723e\uff0c1813\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c143\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u671f\u5370\u5ea6\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u7a3f\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u8b49\u5be6\u30021545\u5e7411\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u8036\u7a4c\u6703\u58eb\u5f17\u862d\u897f\u65af\u838e\u7dad\u723e\uff08Francis Xavier\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5beb\u7d66\u6559\u7687\u7d04\u7ff0\u4e09\u4e16\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8aaa:\u201c\u7336\u592a\u6559\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u65e5\u76ca\u5728\u6771\u5370\u5ea6\u6f2b\u5ef6\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u6240\u6307\u7a31\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u70ba\u8056\u3002\u7576\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u88ab\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u62d8\u6355\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u63a7\u201c\u7336\u592a\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u4ed6\u9075\u5b88\u6469\u897f\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u898f\u689d\uff1b\u8af8\u5982\u4e0d\u5403\u8c6c\u8089\u3001\u5154\u5b50\u8207\u6c92\u6709\u9c57\u7684\u9b5a\u7b49\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u53c3\u52a0\u8056\u6703\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u5fb7\u9f8d(Dellon)\u8457\u300a\u7570\u7aef\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u5728\u9769\u6b50\u300b(Account of the Inquistiion at Goa\u502b\u6566\uff0c1815\u5e74\u7248)\uff0c\u7b2c56\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5b88\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u4fe1\u5f92\u662f\u5fa9\u8208\u7684\u7336\u592a\u6559\u5f92\u3002\u5fb7\u9f8d\u5728\u66f8\u4e2d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5beb\u9053\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u767e\u88ab\u7576\u4f5c\u7336\u592a\u6559\u88ab\u5b9a\u6b7b\u5211\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u5230\u56db\u500b\u4eba\u5728\u81e8\u6b7b\u6642\uff0c\u627f\u8a8d\u81ea\u5df2\u6240\u4fe1\u7684\u662f\u7336\u592a\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u7684\u4eba\u5247\u8072\u660e\u4e26\u6297\u8b70\u5230\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u4e00\u53e3\u6c23\uff0c\u8aaa\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3002\u201d\u540c\u66f8\u7b2c64\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

23.\u7f85\u99ac\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6703\u5c0d\u66f4\u6539\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u6709\u4f55\u8072\u7a31\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u201c\u7b54–\u6559\u6703\u82e5\u7121\u6b64\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u73fe\u4ee3\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\u8207\u5979\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\uff0d\uff0d\u5979\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u9075\u5b88\u4e03\u65e5\u7684\u982d\u4e00\u65e5\u4f86\u4ee3\u66ff\u661f\u671f\u516d\u4e03\u65e5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u6c92\u6709\u8056\u7d93\u6b0a\u5a01\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u201d\uff0d\uff0d\u53f8\u63d0\u53cd\u00b7\u80af\u862d\uff0c\u300a\u6559\u7406\u554f\u7b54\u8b80\u672c\u300b(\u7b2c3\u7248)\uff0c\u7b2c174 \u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

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1.\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u662f\u4f55\u6642\u4e26\u600e\u6a23\u8a2d\u7acb\u7684\uff1f \u201c\u5230\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9020\u7269\u7684\u5de5\u5df2\u7d93\u5b8c\u7562\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u7b2c\u4e03\u65e5\u6b47\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u5de5\uff0c\u5b89\u606f\u4e86\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8cdc\u798f\u7d66 Continue Reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"close","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[35],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2677"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2677"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2678,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2677\/revisions\/2678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sscsda.org.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}